proline - definizione. Che cos'è proline
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Cosa (chi) è proline - definizione

GROUP OF STEREOISOMERS
L-proline; L-Proline; D-proline; Prolyl; Cis-proline
  • [[Zwitterion]]ic structure of both proline enantiomers: (''S'')-proline (left) and (''R'')-proline
  • 500px

proline         
['pr??li:n]
¦ noun Biochemistry an amino acid which is a constituent of most proteins, especially collagen.
Origin
early 20th cent.: contr. of the chemical name p(yr)rol(id)ine-2-carboxylic acid.
Proline rich protein         
Proline rich proteins; Proline-rich protein; Proline-rich proteins
Proline-rich proteins (PRPs) is a class of intrinsically unstructured proteinsCharacterization, stoichiometry, and stability of salivary protein–tannin complexes by ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS. Francis Canon, Franck Paté, Emmanuelle Meudec, Thérèse Marlin, Véronique Cheynier, Alexandre Giuliani and Pascale Sarni-Manchado, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Volume 395, Number 8 / décembre 2009 (IUP) containing several repeats of a short proline-rich sequence.
Proline organocatalysis         
  • An enantioselective intramolecular aldol reaction.
  • The chair transition state controls, in part, whether the enolexo or  the enolendo product forms.
  • Intramolecular aldolization of a dialdehyde via an enamine intermediate.
  • Proline-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction
  • A six-membered transition state in asymmetric proline catalysis.
User:Zccaf22/Utilization of Proline-catalyzed Reactions in Organic Synthesis; Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Proline organocatalysis
Proline organocatalysis is the use of proline as an organocatalyst in organic chemistry. This theme is often considered the starting point for the area of organocatalysis, even though early discoveries went unappreciated.

Wikipedia

Proline

Proline (symbol Pro or P) is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid (used in the biosynthesis of proteins), although it does not contain the amino group -NH
2
but is rather a secondary amine. The secondary amine nitrogen is in the protonated form (NH2+) under biological conditions, while the carboxyl group is in the deprotonated −COO form. The "side chain" from the α carbon connects to the nitrogen forming a pyrrolidine loop, classifying it as a aliphatic amino acid. It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it from the non-essential amino acid L-glutamate. It is encoded by all the codons starting with CC (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG).

Proline is the only proteinogenic secondary amino acid which is a secondary amine, as the nitrogen atom is attached both to the α-carbon and to a chain of three carbons that together form a five-membered ring.